Retractable motor mount

ABSTRACT

A towable amphibious structure of the multisectional folding type including a retractable suspension system and is adaptable for both camping and boating purposes. Such structure comprises a base body section and at least one associated end body section hinged together at their upper corners. Each section also includes longitudinally directed fin members located along the bottom thereof which are detachably interconnected. The base section includes the retractable suspension system and a vertically adjustable roof assembly. Additional features include a longitudinally retractable motor mount assembly, and removable tow bar and bumper assemblies.

This is a division of application Ser. No. 481,656, filed June 21, 1974,now U.S. Pat. No. 3,972,544 which is a continuation-in-part of copendingapplication Ser. No. 394,199, filed Sept. 4, 1973, now abandoned, which,in turn, is a continuation-in-part of copending application, Ser. No.379,234, filed July 16, 1973, now abandoned. The retractable suspensionsystem is separately claimed in copending application Ser. No. 458,209,now U.S. Pat. No. 3,935,806 filed Apr. 5, 1974, which is also acontinuation-in-part of said application Ser. No. 379,234 now abandoned.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a towable amphibious structure and, inparticular, to such a structure of the multi-sectional folding typeincluding a retractable suspension system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Many recreational vehicles of the prior art can be either towed or usedfor camping or boating purposes. For example, Olmstead U.S. Pat. No.67,342; Clemmer U.S. Pat. No. 1,462,800; Gibbs et al U.S. Pat. No.1,560,983; Olson U.S. Pat. No. 2,287,055; Johnson U.S. Pat. No.2,339,782; Van oeveren U.S. Pat. No. 2,548,274; and Hastrich(Australian) patent No. 30,181 all disclose multi-sectional foldingboats. These boats, however, neither include a built-in retractablesuspension system for transportation nor are they readily suitable oradaptable for camping purposes. Henningsen U.S. Pat. No. 2,460,935discloses a boat-trailer combination. This combination requires that acrossrod, which secures the wheels during towing of the boat, be removedto allow retraction of such wheels for boating. In addition, thiscombination is also not suitable for camping purposes since the wheelsare not readily adjustable to conform to non-uniform terrain conditions.Finally, Levinson U.S. Pat. No. 3,071,786 discloses a towableboat-camper combination which can be converted from a camper, providingsomewhat of an enclosed shelter area, into a boat. However, thestructure must remain in the folded configuration for camping purposes,also, no enclosed shelter area is provided during boating.

From the above, it is apparent that no prior art structure provides aunitary multi-sectional structure including a built-in retractablesuspension system and which is readily adaptable for both camping andboating purposes. Further, no mention is made of adapting thesestructures for use on snow or ice such as by replacing the wheels withskis. Another desirable feature of such a structure is that it bereadily launchable. Therefore, it would be desirable and advantageous tohave one unitary structure which provides substantially all of theabove-mentioned features.

Objects of the present invention are therefore to provide:

a unitary towable amphibious structure;

a structure of the multi-sectional type;

a structure of the above type which is readily adaptable for campingpurposes;

a structure of the above type which is readily adaptable for boatingpurposes;

a structure of the above type including a built-in retractablesuspension system as an integral part thereof which is fully adjustableto conform to non-uniform terrain conditions.

a structure of the above type which provides a substantial amount ofenclosed shelter space during both the camping and boatingconfigurations;

a structure of the above type whose retractable suspension system can beutilized during launching; and

a structure of the above type which is readily adaptable for use on snowor ice.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention, a towable amphibious structure,hereinafter referred to as an amphibious camper, substantially comprisesan elongated rectangular base body section and at least one associatedcurved end body section. Each end section is rotatable relative to thebase section about a horizontal axis which is perpendicular to thecamper's longitudinal direction. Each section is capable of floatingindependently of any other section. The base section includes arectangular horizontal floor member, two rectangular vertical ends, andtwo rectangular vertical sides. Each end section includes a curved floormember, a rectangular vertical end adjacent to the center section, andtwo side walls. The curved floor member is substantially horizontal atthe end which is adjacent to the base section while such floor member issubstantially vertical at its other end. The lower edge of each endsection's side walls is shaped so as to conform to the contour of thecurved floor member. Hinge means, which rotatably connect the uppercorners of the base section's vertical ends with the adjacent uppercorners of each end section's vertical ends, define the above-mentionedaxis. The base section and each end section each include longitudinallydirected fin members located along the respective bottoms thereof. Thebase section further includes a retractable suspension system and avertically adjustable roof assembly while one section includes alongitudinally retractable motor mount assembly. The relative positionsof the base section and each end section, and of their associatedcomponents, are varied to provide the towing, camping and boatingconfigurations.

In the towing or folded configuration, each end section is folded overand positioned on top of the base section while the roof assembly andthe suspension system are at their respective lowermost positions.Removable tow bar and bumper assemblies are fixedly attached to theopposite ends of the base section.

In both the basic camping and boating or unfolded configurations, eachend section is unfolded so as to be coextensive with the base sectionwhile the suspension system and the roof assembly are in respectiveraised positions. Roof panels and associated elements located on theroof assembly cooperate with the extreme ends of each end section and/orthe base section to form an enclosed shelter space. Each end section'sfin members mechanically interconnect with the base section's finmembers to provide an elongated rigid structure. The two bar and bumperassemblies have been removed. In the camping configuration, thesuspension system and two adjustable jack assemblies also located on thebase section are adjusted so as to level the camper. In the boatingconfiguration, the suspension system is in its fully retracted positionwhile the mount assembly has been rearwardly extended to fix theposition of the motor. The relative positions of the roof assembly'scomponents can be varied to provide numerous camping and boatingconfigurations. In addition, the height of the roof assembly can beappropriately adjusted to provide low-profile camping and boatingconfigurations.

The retractable suspension system included in the amphibious campersubstantially comprises: a bottom suspension arm having a wheel-axleassembly associated with its first end; a top suspension arm; springmeans for interconnecting the arms, a horizontal suspension beam axlefixedly attached to the camper frame; and means attached to the camperframe and substantially to the first end of the top suspension arm foradjusting the rotational orientation of the two arms about thesuspension beam axle whose center is coincident with the second ends ofthe two arms. The unitary camper frame comprises: the horizontallongitudinally directed fin members located along the bottom of the basesection; and at least one horizontal laterally directed cross-member,the suspension beam axle being an extension thereof.

According to a first illustrative embodiment, a retractable suspensionsystem substantially comprises a wheel and an associated axle; bottomand top suspension arms; a spring; first and second suspension beamaxles; and a jackscrew assembly including a jackscrew, a jackscrew nut,a jackscrew pivot-bearing, and a crank. The wheel is rotatably mountedonto its associated wheel axle, which axle is horizontal andperpendicular to the camper's longitudinal direction. The suspensionbeam axles are horizontal and perpendicular to the camper's longitudinaldirection. These beam axles are fixed relative to the camper frame. Thewheel axle is located substantially intermediate the two beam axles. Thewheel axle is fixedly attached to the first end of the bottom suspensionarm while the first suspension beam axle is rotatably attached to thesecond end. The bottom suspension arm, which extends along the camper'slongitudinal direction and which is substantially horizontal during thetowing configuration, is therefore rotatable relative to the firstsuspension beam axle. The first end of the top suspension arm is alsorotatably attached to the first suspension beam axle. In other words,the top suspension arm, which also extends along the camper'slongitudinal direction and which is substantially horizontal during thetowing configuration, is also rotatable relative to the first suspensionbeam axle. Now, the jackscrew nut connects the second end of the topsuspension arm to an intermediate portion of the jackscrew while thejackscrew pivot-bearing connects the first or lower end of the jackscrewto the second suspension beam axle, as will be hereinafter explained.The crank is fixedly attached to the second or upper end of thejackscrew. The second end of the top suspension arm is substantiallyadjacent the first end of the jackscrew during the towing configuration.The two beam axles are part of an internal frame which supports thecamper. The ends of the beam axles extend to the sides of the camper.The first or lower end of the spring is fixed attached to the first endof the bottom suspension arm while the second or upper end of the springis fixedly attached to an intermediate portion of the top suspensionarm. The spring is substantially vertical during the towingconfiguration.

The jackscrew nut allows for rotation of the jackscrew about its ownaxis and for rotation of the top suspension arm relative to thejackscrew whereby the second end of the top suspension arm rides axiallyalong the jackscrew. The jackscrew pivot-bearing allows for rotation ofthe jackscrew about its own axis and for rotation of the jackscrew'sfirst end about the second suspension beam axle.

Now, rotation of the jackscrew about its own axis in a first directioncauses the second end of the top suspension arm to ride up axially alongthe jackscrew, thereby rotating the top suspension arm about the firstsuspension beam axle. This, in turn, causes the spring to pull up thefirst end of the bottom suspension arm, thereby rotating the bottomsuspension arm relative to the first suspension beam axle. This, ofcourse, results in the retraction of the wheel axle and its associatedwheel. In the retracted configuration, the bottom and top suspensionarms are substantially vertical while the spring is substantiallyhorizontal. Rotation of the jackscrew in the second direction results inthe lowering of the wheel.

According to a second illustrative embodiment, a retractable suspensionsystem substantially comprises a wheel and an associated axle; bottomand top suspension arms; a pivot assembly; first and second suspensionbeam axles; and a jackscrew assembly including a jackscrew, a jackscrewnut, a jackscrew pivot-bearing, and a crank. The wheel, the wheel axle,the first end of the bottom suspension arm, the first and second ends ofthe top suspension arm, the jackscrew nut, the jackscrew pivot-bearing,the jackscrew, and the crank are substantially related to each other andto the camper frame as before. In this embodiment, the pivot assemblyincludes a U-shaped member and a cylindrical torsional elastomer springassembly. The U-shaped member has first and second vertically extendingportions and an interconnecting hollow lower portion. The elastomerspring assembly further includes a laterally directed central shaft, ahollow cylindrical elastomer member fixedly attached to the centralshaft, and a thin cylindrical outer sleeve fixedly attached to theelastomer member. The ends of the inner central shaft are fixedlyattached to the extending portions. The first suspension beam axle fitsinto the lower hollow portion of the U-shaped member and is rotatablewith respect thereto. The second end of the bottom suspension arm isrigidly attached to the outer sleeve while the first end of the topsuspension arm is rigidly attached to one of the vertically extendingportions. Again, rotation of the jackscrew about its axis in a firstdirection results in the retraction of the wheel and its associated axleinto the wheel well while rotation of the jackscrew in the seconddirection results in the lowering of the wheel.

Features of the present invention are therefore that:

it is a unitary towable amphibious structure;

it is readily convertible into towing, camping, and boatingconfigurations;

it is of the multi-sectional folding type;

each section is capable of floating independently of any other section;

the base section includes a vertically adjustable roof assembly;

the roof assembly is adjustable to provide low-profile camping andboating configurations;

in the towing configuration the base section is adapted to fixedlyreceive removable tow bar and bumper assemblies, while in both thecamping and boating configurations each end section's fin membersmechanically interconnect with the base section's fin members; and

the wheels of the suspension system can be adjustably retracted into thewheel wells of the base section.

Advantages of the present invention are therefore that"

it allows for various camping and boating configurations and allows fora compact towing configuration;

it provides an enclosed shelter space in both the camping and boatingconfigurations;

it is readily and easily convertible into towing, camping, and boatingconfigurations;

there is no need for a separate trailer, camper, and boat structures;

no excessive water drag results during the boating configuration sincethe wheels are then fully retracted into associated wheel wells;

it includes a compact adjustable retractable suspension system;

the camper can be leveled on non-uniform terrain by appropriatelyadjusting the positions of the wheels;

the suspension system is also used for launching the camper;

the outboard engine is always protected during the towing configuration;and

the camper is of simple construction and economical to manufacture.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will bebetter appreciated by consideration of the following detaileddescription and the drawing in which:

FIGS. 1 and 2 are side and end views, respectively, of an amphibiouscamper in the towing configuration according to present invention;

FIG. 3 is an end cross-sectional view of such camper's base section;

FIG. 4 is a top partially cross-sectional view of such camper with itsassociated end sections in their fully extended positions;

FIG. 5 is a side view of such camper in a configuration intermediate thetowing and camping configurations;

FIG. 6 is a side view of such camper in a basic camping configuration;

FIG. 7 is a side view of such camper in a basic boating configuration;

FIG. 8 is a side view of such camper in another basic boatingconfiguration;

FIG. 9 is a side view of such camper in a low-profile boatingconfiguration;

FIGS. 1A and 2A are side and end views, respectively, of a secondillustrative embodiment of an amphibious camper in the towingconfiguration according to the present invention;

FIG. 3A is an end cross-sectional view of such camper's base section;

FIG. 4A is a top partially cross-sectional view of such camper with itsassociated end section in the fully extended position;

FIG. 5A is a side view of such camper in a configuration intermediatethe towing and camping configurations;

FIG. 6A is a side view of such camper in a basic camping configuration;

FIG. 7A is a side view of such camper in a basic boating configuration;

FIG. 8A is a side view of such camper in another basic boatingconfiguration;

FIG. 9A is a side view of such camper in a low-profile boatingconfiguration;

FIG. 10A is a side view of a first illustrative embodiment of thecamper's retractable suspension system according to the presentinvention; while FIGS. 10B and 10C are end partially cross-sectionalviews through the suspension system's first and second suspension beamaxles, respectively;

FIG. 11A is a side view of a second illustrative embodiment of thecamper's retractable suspension system according to the presentinvention, while FIG. 11B is an end partially cross-sectional viewthrough the suspension system's front suspension beam axle; and

FIGS. 12A and 12B are top and side views, respectively, of a motor mountassembly according to the present invention illustrating the associatedmotor's various positions;

FIG. 13A is an end cross-sectional view of the base section illustrativeof means for adjusting the vertical position of the roof assembly, whileFIG. 13B is a partially cross-sectional view of such vertical positionadjusting means;

FIGS. 14A and 14B are side views of means for interlocking the endsection's fin members with the base section's fin members and means forfixedly attaching the bumper assembly to the base section's fin members,respectively;

FIG. 15A is a side view illustrative of the operation of means forrotating the end sections relative to the base section, while FIG. 15Bis a partially cross-sectional perspective view of such end sectionrotating means; and

FIGS. 16A and 16B are top and side views, respectively, of means forfixedly attaching the tow bar assembly to the base section's finmembers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIGS. 1 through 9 describe a first illustrative embodiment of anamphibious camper according to the present invention.

In particular, FIGS. 1 and 2 are side and end views, respectively, of atowable amphibious structure in the towing configuration according tothe present invention while FIG. 3 is an end cross-sectional view of thestructure's roof assembly and base section. The structure, hereinafter,referred to as amphibious camper 10, substantially, comprises basesection 20 and front and rear end sections 30f and 30r, respectively.The length of each end section is somewhat less than half the overalllength of the base section. Base section 20 further comprisesretractable suspension system 40; tow bar assembly 70; bumper assembly80; front and rear jack assemblies 90f and 90r, respectively; roofassembly 120; and bottom fin members 225a. End section 30f and 30rfurther comprise bottom fin members 225b, as seen in FIG. 3. Jackassemblies 90f and 90r roof assembly 120 are vertically adjustable aswill be hereinafter explained.

Associated with suspension system 40 are wheels 41, which substantiallysupport camper 10 in the towing configuration. Roof assembly 120includes front and rear end panels 122f and 122r, respectively, whichpanels are vertically directed in this towing configuration and whichare rotatably attached onto assembly 120 as will be hereinafterexplained.

Attached to the sides of base section 20 are marker lights or reflectors220 while attached to one end roof panel 122r are combinationtail-directional lights 221 and combination license plate-light 222.

The front end of camper 10 is defined as the front end during theboating configuration. This, of course, does not necessarily define thefront end during the towing configuration.

The front-rear direction of base section 20 defines the camper'slongitudinal direction. In light thereof, end sections 30f and 30r;panels 122f and 122r; and wheels 41 are rotatable about respectivehorizontal axes which are perpendicular to such longitudinal direction.In addition, fin members 225a of base section 20 and fin members 225b ofend sections 30f and 30r are directed along such longitudinal direction.

According to the present invention, in this towing configuration, endsections 30f and 30r are folded over and positioned onto base section20; wheels 41 of suspension system 40 and roof assembly 120 are in theirrespective lowermost positions; tow bar and bumper assemblies 70 and 80are fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of base section 20,respectively; jack assemblies 90f and 90r are in their respectiveuppermost positions; and panels 122f and 122r are vertically oriented.Camper 10, of course, is towed via assembly 70 by an auto or otherself-propelled vehicle, not shown. In this configuration, camper 10 canbe adapted for towing on snow or ice by snowmobile or other similarmachine simply by replacing wheels 41 with skis, not shown.

FIG. 4 is a top partially cross-sectional view showing base section 20and both end section 30f and 30r in their fully extended positions.Shown in this figure are wheel wells 28 located along the sides of basesection 20 and which house suspension system 40 and associatedcomponents. Also shown are laterally directed members 47c and 47d whichtogether with fins 225a form part of a rigid camper frame. Suspensionbeam axles 47a and 47b are direct extensions of lateral members 47c and47d. The shapes of upper portion 23 of base section 20, and bottomportions 121 of roof assembly 120 are apparent from this figure and FIG.3. Also shown are the relative locations of hinges 23f and 23r;telescoping means 24; jack assemblies 90f and 90r; and fin members 225aand 225b. Retractable engine mount 60, which is located on end section30r, and associated outboard engine 152 are also illustrated. It isapparent that the tow bar and bumper assemblies have been removed.

Rigidity of this amphibious structure is achieved by locking fin members225a to fin members 225b by means of latches at 225c. Top end stiffeners226a of base section 20 and top edge stiffeners 226b of end sections 30rand 30f are held together by hinges 23f and 23r thereby contributing tothe lateral rigidity of the overall structure. Use of fin members 225aand 225b in combination with top stiffeners 226a and 226b permitslocating hinges 23f and 23r at the corners of the respective sections.Top edge stiffeners 226a can be either separate members attached totheir associated sections or integrally built with such associatedsections. The combination comprising the hinge means and the top edgestiffeners therefore allows the direct transfer of compressive andtensile longitudinal forces as well as lateral forces applied to thesides of the sections.

End sections 30f and 30r and base section 20 form three independentwatertight compartments, each section having walls on all sides. Storagecompartments 31f and 31r and cockpit space 32 are shown as part of endsections 30f and 30r. Deck and access doors covering the end sectionsare included but not shown.

Outboard engine 152 is clamped to engine mount 60, which mount enablesmanipulation of engine 152 to horizontal position 152a and to position152b located inside end section 30r. Engine mount 60 advantageouslyincludes a spring loaded counter-balance system for effecting thesepositions.

FIG. 5 is a side view of camper 10 in a configuration intermediate thetowing and camping configurations. Shown in this figure are bottom andupper portions 21 and 23 of base section 20. Bottom portion 21 includesa rectangular horizontal floor member; two rectangular vertical ends;two rectangular curved vertical sides; two top edge stiffeners which arepart of the curved vertical sides; and two top edge stiffeners which arepart of the rectangular vertical ends. Similarly, upper portion 23includes two rectangular vertical sides into which are cut part of dooropening 23b and miscellaneous service openings, not shown. Also shown inthis figure are roof portion 123 and bottom portion 121 of roof assembly120. Roof portion 123 includes a rectangular horizontal member whilebottom portion 121 includes two rectangular vertical sides into whichare cut window openings 121a and door opening 121b. An associated door,not shown, can be made of two separate panels. The upper panel thereofcan hinge down or can telescope with respect to the lower panel in thevertical direction coincident with the vertical movement of roofassembly 120.

According to the present invention, end panels 122f and 122r arerotatable about horizontal laterally directed hinges 125f and 125rrespectively located at the front and rear of assembly 120. Assembly 120also includes end wall panels 124f and 124r which are rotatable abouthorizontal laterally directed hinges 126f and 126r respectively locatedat the extreme ends of end panels 122f and 122r. Finally, base section20 includes telescoping means 24 for vertically adjusting the positionof roof assembly 120 relative to the base section. See FIG. 3.

According to the present invention, end sections 30f and 30r arerotatable relative to base section 20 about horizontal laterallydirected hinges 23f and 23r respectively located at the front and rearcorners of the base section. Each end section includes compound curvedfloor member; side walls; a rectangular vertical end adjacent basesection 20; two top edge stiffeners which are part of the side walls;and two top edge stiffeners which are part of the end walls. The floormember is substantially horizontal at the end which is adjacent the basesection. Hinges 23f and 23r may incorporate a gear mechanism, not shown,for facilitating the conversion of camper 10 from the towing to otherconfigurations. Furthermore, torsion bar balancing systems can beinstalled between base section 20 and end sections 30f and 30r so as tominimize the forces required to unfold the end sections with respect tothe base section.

In this illustrative intermediate configuration, end section 30r iscoextensive with base section while end section 30f remains positionedon top of the base section; wheels 41 of suspension system 40 and jackassemblies 90f and 90r are in their respective lowermost positions; androof assembly 120 is in its uppermost position. End panels 122f and 122rare oriented horizontally, and wall panel 124f remaining withinassociated end panel 122f and end wall panel 124r being oriented at someangle relative to associated end panel 122r. The jack assemblies, whichinclude swivelable wheels, also serve to support camper 10. Outboardengine 152 and associated engine mount 60 are shown in their storage andfolded out positions.

A feature of the present invention is that fin members 225a of basesection 20 and fin members 225b of end section 30r are used to rigidlysecure such sections. The interconnection function can be effected bylatches or by causing projecting sleeves located on one fin member toengage recesses on the other fin member, lateral rods or pins thereafterbeing inserted through aligned openings in such fin members. Suchinterconnection of the sections via their respective fin members canoccur at location 225c. A similar explanation applies to fin member 225bof end section 30f.

FIG. 6 is a side view of camper 10 in a basic camping configuration. Inthis configuration, end sections 30f and 30r are coextensive with basesection 20; wheels 41 and jack assemblies 90f and 90r are in respectiveraised positions; roof assembly 120 is in its uppermost position; andend panels 122f and 122r and respectively associated end wall panels124f and 124r are oriented so that the free ends of the latter panelsrest onto the extreme ends of end sections 30f and 30r, respectively.Enclosing the front and rear portions of camper 10 are end side walls127f and 127r, which walls respectively include window openings 128f and128r and pivot about horizontal axes 23f and 23r respectively. In amanner similar to that explained before, fin members 225a and 225b ofbase section 20 and end sections 30f and 30r, respectively, aremechanically interlocked at 225c. Steps 151 can be provided forfacilitating entering and exiting the camper. According to the presentinvention, retractable suspension system 40, in cooperation with jackassemblies 90f and 90r, can be appropriately adjusted for levelingcamper 10, if necessary. During this configuration, the fin members actas mechanical interlocking means, provide structural ties, and act as abase for the camper. Outboard engine 152, together with folding enginemount 60, remain in storage position 152b within end section 30r.

FIG. 7 is a side view of camper 10 in a basic boating configuration.This configuration is substantially equivalent to the campingconfiguration of FIG. 6 except that suspension system 40 and jackassemblies 90f and 90r are in their respective uppermost positions.This, of course, is done to reduce water drag while camper 10 is inmotion during this configuration. As a matter of convenience, end sidewalls 127f and 127r are not included. Outboard engine 152 is fixedlyattached to the rear end of section 30r via engine mount 60. Mount 60comprises a frame attached to a spring balanced yoke. The frame can berotated with respect to the yoke so as to place the outboard engine inthe horizontal position, after which the whole assembly including theengine can be folded into end section 30r. This therefore allows storageof engine 152 within end section 30r without removing the engine fromcamper 10. This mount is further described with respect to FIGS. 12A and12B. In such a case, end section 30r can be folded on top of basesection 20 without removal of the engine.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that camper 10 can belaunched by advantageously utilizing suspension system 40 and jackassemblies 90f and 90r. These elements are, of course, retracted oncethe camper is in water. According to the present invention, each sectionis capable of floating independently of the other two sections. Duringthis configuration, the fin members provide both structural andnavigational stability.

FIG. 8 is a side view of camper 10 in another basic boatingconfiguration. This configuration is substantially equivalent to theboating configuration of FIG. 7 except that end panels 124f and 124rhave been folded into associated end panels 122f and 122r. In addition,end panel 122f together with end wall panel 124f have been folded insideroof assembly 120 while end panel 122r has been extended rearward awayfrom roof assembly 120 with asociated end wall panel 124r folded insideend panel 122r.

FIG. 9 is a side view of camper 10 in a low-profile boatingconfiguration. This configuration is substantially equivalent to theboating configuration of FIG. 7 except that roof assembly 120 has beenlowered to such an extent that end panels 122f and 122r aresubstantially horizontal. In this case, end side wall 127r has beenincluded. This low-profile configuration, which results in minimizedwind resistance during water travel, is readily adaptable to the campingconfiguration. It is therefore apparent that camper 10 allows fornumerous camping and boating configurations and yet provides for acompact towing configuration.

FIGS. 1A and 9A describe a second illustrative embodiment of anamphibious camper according to the present invention.

FIGS. 1A and 2A are side and end views, respectively, of a towableamphibious camper in the towing configuration according to the presentinvention while FIG. 3A is an end cross-sectional view of the camper'sbase section. Amphibious camper 10 substantially comprises base section20 and front end section 30. The length of end section 30 is somewhatless than half the overall length of the base section. Base section 20further comprises retractable suspension system 40; tow bar assembly 70;bumper assembly 80; front and rear jack assemblies 90f and 90r,respectively; roof assembly 120; and bottom fin members 225a. Endsection 30 further comprises bottom fin members 225b, as shown in FIG.3A and FIG. 1A. Jack assemblies 90f and 90r and roof assembly 120 arevertically adjustable as will be hereinafter explained.

Associated with suspension system 40 are wheels 41, which substantiallysupport camper 10 in the towing configuration. Roof assembly 120includes front and rear end panels 122f and 122r, respectively, whichpanels are vertically and slopingly directed in this towingconfiguration and which are rotatably attached onto assembly 120 as willbe hereinafter explained.

Attached to the sides of base section 20 are marker lights or reflectors220 while attached to one end panel 122f are combinationtail-directional lights 221 and combination license plate-light 222.

The front end of camper 10 is defined as the front end during theboating configuration. This, again, does not necessarily define thefront end during the towing configuration.

The front-rear direction of base section 20 defines the camper'slongitudinal direction. In light thereof, end section 30; end panels122f and 122r; and wheels 41 are rotatable about respective axes whichare perpendicular to such longitudinal direction. In addition, finmembers 225a of base section 20 and fin members 225b of end section 30are directed along such longitudinal direction.

According to the present invention, in this towing configuration, endsection 30 is folded over and positioned onto base section 20; wheels 41of suspension system 40 and roof assembly 120 are in their respectivelowermost positions; tow bar and bumper assemblies 70 and 80 are fixedlyconnected to the front and rear ends of base section 20, respectively;jack assemblies 90f and 90r are in their respective uppermost positions;and end panels 122f and 122r are vertically and slopingly oriented,respectively. Camper 10, of course, is towed via assembly 70 by an autoor other self-propelled vehicle, not shown. Outboard engine 152 isfolded into a cavity at the rear end of base section 20 by means of atelescoping and pivoting engine mount. In this configuration, camper 10can be adapted for towing on snow or ice by a snowmobile or othersimilar machine simply by replacing wheels 41 with skis, not shown.

FIG. 4A is a top partially cross-sectional view showing base section 20and end section 30 in its fully extended position. Shown in this figureare wheel wells 28 located along the sides of base section 20 whichhouse suspension system 40 and associated components. Also shown arehorizontal laterally directed members 47c and 47d which together withfins 225a form part of a rigid camper frame. The shapes of upper portion23 of base section 20, and bottom portion 121 of roof assembly 120 areapparent from this figure. Also shown are the relative locations ofhinges 23f; roof telescoping means 225a and 225b. Telescoping andpivoting engine mount 160, which is also illustrated together withoutboard engine 152. It is apparent that the tow bar and bumperassemblies have been removed. Rigidity of the amphibious structure isachieved by locking fin members 225a to fin members 225b by means oflatches at 225c. Top edge stiffeners 226a of base section 20 and topedge stiffeners 226b of end section 30 are held together by hinges 23fthereby further contributing to the lateral rigidity of the overallstructure. Use of fin members 225a and 225b in combination with top edgestiffeners 226a and 226b permits locating hinges 23f at the uppercorners of the respective sections.

End section 30 and base section 20 form two separate watertightcompartments, each section having walls on all sides. Storagecompartment 31 and cockpit space 32 are shown as part of end section 30.Deck and access doors covering end section 30 are included but notshown. Outboard engine 152 is clamped to telescoping and pivoting enginemount 160. This enables one to slide and fold the engine to position152a, located partially into the cavity underneath the rear end of basesection 20.

FIG. 5A is a side view of camper 10 in a configuration intermediate thetowing and camping configurations. Shown in this Figure are bottom andupper portions 21 and 23 of base section 20. Botton portion 21 includesa rectangular horizontal floor member; two rectangular vertical ends;two rectangular curved vertical sides; two top edge stiffeners which arepart of the curved vertical sides; and two top edge stiffeners which arepart of the rectangular vertical ends. Similarly, upper portion 23includes two rectangular vertical sides and one rectangular vertical endinto which are cut part of door opening 23b and miscellaneous serviceopenings, not shown. Also shown in this Figure are roof portion 123 andbottom portion 121 of roof assembly 120. Roof portion 123 includes arectangular horizontal member while bottom portion 121 includes tworectangular vertical sides into which are cut window openings 121a anddoor opening 121b. An associated door, not shown, can be made of twoseparate panels. The upper panel can hinge down or can telescope withrespect to the lower panel in the vertical direction coincident with thevertical movement of roof assembly 120.

According to the present invention, end panels 122f and 122r arerotatable about horizontal laterally directed hinges 125f and 125rrespectively located at the front and rear of assembly 120. Assembly 120also includes end wall panels 124f and 124r which are rotatable abouthorizontal laterally directed hinges 126f and 126r respectively locatedat the ends of end panels 122f and 122r. Finally, base section 20includes telescoping means 24 for vertically adjusting the position ofroof assembly 120 relative to the base section. See FIG. 3A.

According to the present invention, end section 30 is rotatable relativeto base section 20 about horizontal laterally directed hinges 23flocated at the front upper corners of the base section. End section 30includes a compound curved floor member; side walls; and a rectangularvertical end adjacent base section 20. End section 30 includes two topedge stiffeners which are part of the side walls; one top edge stiffenerwhich is part of the rectangular vertical end; and one top edgestiffener which is part of the top end of the floor member. The floormember is substantially horizontal at the end which is adjacent the basesection while such floor member is substantially vertical at its otherend. Hinges 23f may incorporate a gear mechanism for facilitating theconversion of camper 10 from the towing to other configurations.Furthermore, a torsion bar balancing system can be installed betweenbase section 20 and end section 30 so as to minimize the forces requiredto unfold end section 30 with respect to base section 20.

In this illustrative intermediate configuration, end section 30 iscoextensive with base section 20; wheels 41 of suspension system 40 andjack assemblies 90f and 90r are in their respective lowermost positions;and roof assembly 120 is in its uppermost position. End panels 122f and122r are oriented horizontally, end wall panel 124f remaining withinassociated end panel 122f and end wall panel 124r being oriented at someangle relative to associated end panel 122r. The jack assemblies, whichinclude swivelable wheels, also serve to support camper 10. Outboardengine 152 is shown at its storage position.

A feature of the present invention is that fin members 225a of basesection 20 and fin members 225b of end section 30 are used to rigidlysecure such sections. The interconnection function can be effected bylatches or by causing projecting sleeves located on one fin member toengage recesses on the other fin member, lateral rods or pins thereafterbeing inserted through aligned openings in such fin members. This wouldadvantageously be effected at location 225c.

FIG. 6A is a side view of camper 10 in a basic camping configuration. Inthis configuration, end section 30 is coextensive with base section 20;wheels 41 and jack assemblies 90f and 90r are in respective raisedpositions; roof assembly 120 is in its uppermost position; and endpanels 122f and 122r and respectively associated end wall panels 124fand 124r are oriented so that the free ends of the latter panels restonto the extreme ends of sections 30 and 20, respectively. Enclosing thefront and rear portions of camper 10 are end side walls 127f and 127r,which walls respectively include window openings 128f and 128r. In amanner similar to that explained before, fin members 225a and 225b ofbase section 20 and end section 30, respectively, are mechanicallyinterlocked at 225c. Steps 151 can be provided for facilitating enteringand exiting the camper. According to the present invention, suspensionsystem 40, in cooperation with jack assemblies 90f and 90r, can beappropriately adjusted for leveling camper 10, if necessary. During thisconfiguration, the fin members act as mechanical interlocking means,provide structural ties, and act as a base for the camper. Outboardengine 152 is in its storage position.

FIG. 7A is a side view of camper 10 in a basic boating configuration.This configuration is substantially equivalent to the campingconfiguration of FIG. 6A except that suspension system 40 and jackassemblies 90f and 90r are in their respective uppermost positions.This, of course, is done to reduce water drag while camper 10 is inmotion during this configuration. As a matter of convenience, end sidewalls 127f and 127r are not included. Outboard engine 152 is fixedlyattached to the rear end of section 20 via engine mount 160. Mount 160can comprise a plate attached to two telescoping and/or hinged bars,which bars are retractable, slidable, or foldable relative to section20. This therefore allows storage of engine 152 without removing theengine from camper 10.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that camper 10 can belaunched by advantageously utilizing suspension system 40 and/or jackassemblies 90f and 90r. These elements are, of course, retracted oncethe camper is in water. According to the present invention, each sectionis capable of floating independently of the other section. During thisconfiguration, the fin members provide both structural and navigationalstability.

FIG. 8A is a side view of camper 10 in another basic boatingconfiguration. This configuration is substantially equivalent to theboating configuration of FIG. 7A except that end wall panels 124f and124r have been folded into associated end panels 122f and 122r. Inaddition, end panel 122f has been extended forward away from roofassembly 120 while end panel 122r has been folded inside of roof portion123.

FIG. 9A is a side view of camper 10 in a low-profile boatingconfiguration. This configuration is substantially equivalent to theboating configuration of FIG. 7A except that roof assembly 120 has beenlowered to such an extent that end panels 122f and 122r aresubstantially horizontal. In this case, end side wall 127f has beenincluded. This low-profile configuration, which results in minimizedwind resistance during water travel, is readily adaptable to the campingconfiguration. It is therefore apparent that camper 10 allows fornumerous camping and boating configurations and yet provides for acompact towing configuration.

FIG. 10A is a side view of a first illustrative embodiment of thecamper's retractable suspension system 40 according to the presentinvention while FIGS. 10B and 10C are end partially cross-sectionalviews through aforementioned first and second suspension beam axles 47aand 47b, respectively.

Retractable suspension system 40 substantially comprises wheel 41 andassociated axle 29; bottom and top suspension arms 42 and 43,respectively; spring 44 and associated shock absorber 44a; first andsecond suspension beam axles 47a and 47b, respectively; and jackscrewassembly 46 including jackscrew 46d, jackscrew nut 46a, jackscrewpivot-bearing 46b, and crank 46c. Wheel 41 is rotatably mounted ontoassociated axle 29, which axle is horizontal and perpendicular to thecamper's longitudinal direction. Suspension beam axles 47a and 47b arealso horizontal and perpendicular to such longitudinal direction. Thesebeam axles are fixed relative to base section 20 over the fin structure225a as shown in FIGS. 10B and 10C. Wheel axle 29 is normally locatedsubstantially intermediate the two beam axles. Wheel axle 29 is fixedlyattached to the first end of bottom suspension arm 42 while firstsuspension beam axle 47a is rotatably attached to the second end. Bottomsuspension arm 42, which extends along the camper's longitudinaldirection and which is substantially horizontal during the towingconfiguration, is therefore rotatable relative to first suspension beamaxle 47a. The first end of top suspension arm 43 is also rotatablyattached to first suspension beam axle 47a. In other words, the topsuspension arm, which also extends along the camper's longitudinaldirection and which is substantially horizontal during the towingconfiguration, is also rotatable relative to the first suspension beamaxle. Now, jackscrew nut 46a connects the second end of top suspensionarm 43 to an intermediate portion of jackscrew 46d while jackscrewpivot-bearing 46b connects the first or lower end of the jackscrew tosecond suspension beam axle 47b, as will be hereinafter explained. Crank46c is attached to the second or upper end of jackscrew 46d. The secondend of top suspension arm 43 is substantially adjacent the first end ofjackscrew 46d during the towing configuration. The two beam axles arepart of the aforementioned internal frame which supports base section20. The ends of the two beam axles extend into wheel wells 28 locatedalong the sides of base section 20. See FIGS. 4 and 4A. The first orlower end of spring 44 is fixedly attached via retainer 45 to the firstend of bottom suspension arm 42 while the second or upper end of thespring is fixedly attached via retainer 48 to an intermediate portion oftop suspension arm 43. The spring is substantially vertical during thetowing configuration. Bumper 49, which is attached to the top suspensionarm, prevents contact between the two suspension arms while shockabsorber 44a damps the arms' relative motion. Suspension beam axle 47aand 47b are extensions of aforementioned lateral members 47c and 47dwhich comprise part of the camper frame. Suspension beam axle 47a and47b extend into wheel wells 28 located along the sides of base section20.

Jackscrew nut 46a allows for rotation of jackscrew 46d about its ownaxis and for rotation of top suspension arm 43 about suspension beamaxle 47a whereby the second end of the top suspension arm rides axiallyalong the jackscrew. Jackscrew pivot-bearing 46b allows for rotation ofjackscrew 46d about its own axis and for rotation of the jackscrew'sfirst end about second suspension beam axle 47b.

Now, rotation of jackscrew 46d about its own axis in a first directioncauses the second end of top suspension arm 43 to ride up axially alongthe jackscrew, thereby rotating the top suspension arm about firstsuspension beam axle 47a. This, in turn, causes spring 44 to pull up thefirst end of bottom suspension arm 42, thereby rotating the bottomsuspension arm relative to the first suspension beam axle. This, ofcourse, results in the retraction of wheel axle 29 and associated wheel41 up into wheel well 28. This is illustrated by position 41' of thewheel. In the boating configuration, the bottom and top suspension armsare substantially vertical while the spring is substantially horizontal.Rotation of the jackscrew in the second direction results in thelowering of the wheel.

Reference to FIGS. 10B and 10C illustrates that suspension beam axles47a and 47b and respectively associated frame members 47c and 47d arerigidly connected to fin members 225a and together form a rigid framewhich supports camper 10 while the camper is being supported by wheels41. A feature of the present invention is that suspension beam axles 47aand 47b provide low pivot points. This allows for use of stiffstraight-through members 47c and 47d as part of the camper support frameand for maintaining jackscrew 46d in tension.

In the alternative, shock absorber 44a can be placed externally ofspring 44. Thus, an adjustable compressed air suspension unit, notshown, can be placed inside spring 44 thereby allowing adjustment of thesuspension for various load or terrain conditions. Further, steel spring44 can be replaced by an elastomer spring system, also not shown.

As another alternative, the second end of bottom suspension arm 42 canbe rotatably attached to the first end of top suspension arm 43 by meansof a separate pivot, not shown, instead of attaching suspension beamaxle 47a directly to the second end of bottom suspension arm 42. Ineither case, vibration mounts, not shown, can be associated with theattachment.

FIG. 11A is a side view of a second illustrative embodiment of thecamper's retractable suspension system 40 according to the presentinvention, while FIG. 11B is an end partially cross-sectional viewthrough aforementioned first suspension beam axle 47a.

Retractable suspension system 40 substantially comprises wheel 41 andassociated axle 29; bottom and top suspension arms 142 and 143,respectively, and associated pivot assembly 148; first and secondsuspension beam axles 47a and 47b, respectively; and jackscrew assembly46 including jackscrew 46d, jackscrew nut 46a, jackscrew bearing-pivot46b, and crank 46c. The wheel, wheel axle, the first end of the bottomsuspension arm, the first and second ends of the top suspension arm, thejackscrew nut, the jackscrew pivot-bearing, the jackscrew, and the crankare substantially related to each other and to base section 20 asbefore. Bumper 49 of the top suspension arm also serves a similarfunction.

In this embodiment, pivot assembly 148 includes a U-shaped memberassociated with arm 143 and a cylindrical elastomer spring assemblyassociated with arm 142. The U-shaped member has first and secondvertically extending portions 148a and 148b interconnecting hollow lowerportion 148c. The elastomer spring assembly further includes laterallydirected central shaft 148d, hollow cylindrical elastomer member 145fixedly attached to the central shaft, and thin cylindrical outer sleeve144 fixedly attached to the elastomer member. The ends of the innercentral shaft are fixedly attached to the extending portions. The firstsuspension beam axle fits into the lower hollow portion of the U-shapedmember and is rotatable with respect thereto. The second end of thebottom suspension arm is rigidly to the outer sleeve while the first endof the top suspension arm is rigidly attached to vertically extendingportion 148b. In this particular embodiment, it is apparent that outersleeve 144 is built integrally with arm 142 while extending portions148a and 148b and hollow lower portion 148c is built integrally with arm143.

Again, rotation of jackscrew 46d about its axis in a first directionresults in the retraction of the wheel to position 41' while rotation ofthe jackscrew in the second direction results in lowering of the wheel.Again, suspension beam axles 47a and 47b and respectively associatedframe members 47c and 47d are rigidly connected to fin members 225a andtogether form a rigid frame which supports camper 10 while the camper isbeing supported by wheels 41.

Base section 20, which can advantageously be made of either fiberglassor metal or a combination thereof, is the main body portion of camper 10and provides an enclosed shelter space in both the camping and boatingconfigurations. Double-skin foam or single-skin stiffened constructioncan be advantageously utilized. Top stiffeners or ribs which are anintegral part of base section 20 connect hinges 23f and/or 23r to therespective section or sections. Bottom portion 21 can be stiffened byusing double-skin foam construction, corrugations, or single-skinstiffened construction. End section 30 or end sections 30f and 30r canserve as bedding means or as open decks, the interior portions thereofbeing utilizable as storage space. The end sections can advantageouslybe made of fiberglass, metal, or plywood. Again, single-skinconstruction can be utilized.

FIGS. 12A and 12B are top and side views, respectively, of anillustrative embodiment of mount assembly 60 according to the presentinvention. Shown in these figures are engine mounting frame 61, engineframe pivot 62, engine frame spring loaded lock pin 63, engine mountyoke 64, yoke pivots 65, yoke spring loaded lock pin 66, yoke tie rod67, mount base 68, mount base tie rod 69, springs 69a, camper rear endsection 30r, and outboard engine 152.

Outboard engine mount assembly 60 is bolted to end section 30r throughmount base 68. Outboard engine 152 is clamped to engine mounting frame61 and is shown in the boating position. In order to fold outboardengine 152 into storage position 152b, the engine mounting frame springloaded lock pin 63 is pulled out of a first hole in yoke 64. Thereafter,outboard engine 152, together with engine mounting frame 61, is rotated90 degrees around engine frame pivot 62 to engine position 152a. At thisposition, the engine frame spring loaded lock pin 63 engages a secondhole in yoke 64 thereby preventing further rotation. Now, yoke springloaded lock pin 66 is pulled out of a first hole in mount base 68.Thereafter, engine 152, together with engine mounting frame 61 and yoke64, are rotated around yoke pivots 65, 180 degrees relative to mountbase 68 from engine position 152a to engine storage position 152b. Atthis position, yoke spring loaded lock pin 66 engages a second hole inthe mount base thereby preventing further rotation. The procedure formoving the engine from the storage position to the boating position issimilar, except in reverse. The weight of outboard engine 152 is at alltimes nearly counterbalanced by spring 69a located between engine mountyoke 64 and mount base 68 through tie rods 67 and 69.

Outboard engine mount assembly 60 is a self-contained compact unit andrequires only the connection of mount base 68 to section 30r. Varioussizes of springs 69a, shapes of yoke 68 and engine mounting frame 61 canbe utilized to accommodate different sizes of outboard engines.

FIG. 13A is an end cross-sectional view of base section 20 illustrativeof means for adjusting the vertical position of roof assembly 120 whileFIG. 13B is a partially cross-sectional view of such vertical positionadjusting means. Each telescoping mean 24 consists of a sliding tubularpost 24a, and fixed tubular post 24b. The fixed tubular posts 24b arerigidly fastened to the camper 10 center section 20. The sliding tubularposts 24a are free to slide in vertical direction within the fixedtubular posts 24b and are guided in lateral directions by guide shoes24c on top of fixed tubular posts 24b. A cable sheave 24d is rotatablymounted to the inside of top end of each fixed tubular post 24b andanother cable sheave 24e is rotatably mounted to the inside of bottomend of each fixed tubular post 24b. Each sliding tubular post is liftedand supported by cable 24f. Each cable 24f is connected to the bottomend of each sliding tubular post 24a, shall pass up, over sheave 24d,down around sheave 24e and horizontally within the groove (not shown)inside the side member of center section 21 to mule sheave 24g andaround the mule sheave to the cable drive 240, described in FIG. 10B.All sliding tubular posts are vertically supported by cables 24f throughdrive 240. By driving all cables simultaneously through drive 240, theroof is moved either up or down depending on whether the cables areshortened or lengthened. The cable drive consists of nut 241 which ishorizontally driven by screw 242. The nut houses individual sheaves 243,one for each cable. The screw 242, is supported at both ends by bearings244, part of or mounted into end caps 245 and 246 which enclose the endsof the tubular rectangular cable drive housing 247. End caps 245 and 246have flanges and bolt holes for mounting the cable drive assembly to anyhorizontal or vertical surface. In addition, the end cap 246 containsone deflector sheave 248, for each cable and is shaped to form saddlesto guide all individual cables of the tensioning eye bolts 249, fastenedto the outside of cable drive housing 247. The screw 242 is driven by ashaft extension 242a and by a fixed or removable crank 242b from theoutside of the camper. In addition, the screw can be driven by a gearmotor (not shown) mounted to end of the screw 247. Now the cables 24fwhich support and move the telescoping means 24 pass around thedeflector sheaves 248, around the sheaves 243 (part of end cap 246). Allcables are fastened to individual eye bolts 249. It is obvious to thoseknowledgeable in the art, that by shortening the length of each cableoutside the cable drive 240 each sliding post 24a would move up relativeto fixed tubular post 24b and vice versa. The eye bolts are used toadjust the initial cable length and to level the roof assembly 120during construction. Thereafter the roof is moved either up or down byturning the screw 242 thereby moving the nut 241 horizontally andincreasing or decreasing the length of loop formed by cables 24f insidethe cable drive 240. The screw thread is detached so as not to cause thescrew to rotate under forces applied through the cable tension, parallelto screw 242. Therefore, the system is self-locking and does not requireany additional devices for supporting the loads applied through thecables 24f by the weight of the roof assembly 120, shown on FIG. 10A tothe nut 241. Therefore, the roof assembly 120 will stop at any verticalposition within the limits of its travel when cranking is stopped orwhen the crank is removed.

FIG. 14A is a side view of means for interlocking fin member 225a ofcenter section 20 with fin member 225b of end sections 30r and 30f atlocations 225c. See FIGS. 2A and 3. U-shaped plate 225d, whose insideface conforms with the shape of the outside face of fins 225a, can beriveted or bolted to to each end of each fin member 225a of centersection 20. Each U-shaped plate 225d projects slightly past the end ofeach fin member 225a so as to form an extension to each fin member 225awith the top side of these extensions open. The extended portion of eachU-shaped plate 225d incorporates two holes, one through each verticalside, which holes are properly aligned to receive lock pin 225e. AnotherU-shaped plate 225f with its outside face conforming with the shape ofthe outside face of fin member 225b is riveted or bolted to the end ofeach fin member 225b of the end sections. Each U-shaped plate 225fincorporates two holes, one through each vertical side, which holes areproperly aligned with the holes in plate 225d and with lock pin 225ewhen the end sections are coextensive with center section 20 in thecamping or boating configurations. When end section 30r, for example, isrotated from the towing configuration, each U-shaped plate 225f nestsinside the corresponding extended portion of U-shaped plate 225d. Byinserting lock pin 225e through the aligned holes in U-shaped plates225d and 225f, continuity for the transfer of tensile and compressiveforces is established between fin members 225a and 225b. Lateral forcesare resisted by nesting fin member 225b with plate 225f inside U-shapedplate 225d. Lock pin 225e can be furnished with safety latch 225g toprevent the pin from disengaging.

FIG. 14B is a side view of means for fixedly attaching bumper assembly80 to fin members 225a of center section 20. This attaching meansutilizes U-shaped plate 225d and pin 225e. At the bumper end of centersection 20, each U-shaped plate 225d uses two studs 225h with extendedshoulders, which shoulders project to the outside of plate 225d.

Bumper assembly 80 substantially comprises tubular bumper bar 81, whichbar is perpendicular to fin members 225a, and two channel shaped members82 which are colinear with fin members 225a. Channel shaped members 82are furnished with slotted holes at their ends to engage studs 225h andwith holes to receive pins 225e. Safety latch 225g prevents pin 225efrom disengaging.

Bumper assembly 80 can be mounted to fin members 225a by sliding theslotted holes in members 82 over studs 225h and by inserting pin 225ethrough the holes in members 82 and 225d. All longitudinal forces aretransferred from bumper assembly 80 to fin members 225a through pin225e. Furthermore, longitudinal forces resulting from a rear endcollision, for example, would also be transferred from bumper assembly80 to fin members 225a through studs 225h. Vertical forces applied tobumper assembly 80 are resisted by the fin members through the verticalforce couple developed between pin 225e and studs 225h. Lateral forcesare resisted by the lateral force couple developed between the sides ofchannel shaped members 82 and the sides of fins 225a.

FIG. 15B is a perspective view of means for rotating the end sectionsrelative to center section 20 while FIG. 15A is illustrative of theoperation of such means. Each hinge substantially comprises hingehousing 230a which is rigidly mounted to the center section's topstiffeners, rotating arm 230b which is rigidly mounted to the endsection's top stiffeners at one end and which is rotatably mounted tohinge housing 230a through shaft 230c at the other end. That portion ofrotatably arm 230b which is rotatably mounted to housing 230a iscircular and incorporates a groove for two actuating cables. Housing230a further comprises two or more sheaves 230d to guide the cables intoassociated gear mechanism 250.

Hinge-actuating gear mechanism 250 is fastened to the rectangularvertical end of center section 20 and is mounted inside a tubularhousing with end caps 250a. Shaft 250b, which includes a powertransmission worm thread, is mounted into housing 250a and supported byassociated bearing against the housing end caps. Shaft extension 250cextends from one side of the housing through the side of the top part ofcamper center section 20 and is furnished with removable crank 250d. Thepower transmission worm thread of shaft 250b engages the thread intraveling block 250e. By turning crank 250d in the direction indicated,the traveling block moves in the direction indicated. Traveling block250e is further guided by the walls of tubular housing 250a. Cable guidesheaves 250f are fastened to the ends of the housing. Gear mechanism 250includes two balancing springs 250g and 250h, which are placed intohousing 250a, one on each side of traveling block 250e. The forcetransfer from gear mechanism 250 to the hinges is accomplished by meansof cables 230e, 230f, 230g and 230h.

One end of each cable 230e and 230g is fastened to respective rotatingarms 230b at locations 230i. Cables 230e and 230g wrap around theunderside of respective circular grooves, which are part of rotatingarms 230b, through an arc in excess of 180degrees. The other ends ofcables 230e and 230g fasten to the near face of traveling block 250e.

One end of each cable 230f and 230h is fastened to respective rotatingarms at locations 230j. Cables 230f and 230h wrap around the top side ofrespective circular grooves, which are part of rotating arms 230b,through an arm in excess of 180degrees. The other ends of cables 230ffasten to the far face of traveling block 250e.

Each end section is rotated from position 1 through position 2 toposition 3 of FIG. 15A as follows:

Crank 250d is rotated as indicated while traveling block 250e moves asindicated. Cables 230f and 230h shorten between the hinges and theirrespective gear mechanism 250, thereby applying tensile forces throughcables 230f and 230h to hinge rotating arms 230b located above shafts230c and causing the end section to rotate from position 1 to position2. Since cables 230e and 230g are fastened to the opposite sides ofcommon traveling block 250 from cables 230f and 230h, they lengthen byan equal amount and do not resist the rotation of arms 230b. At position2, the weight of each end section is entirely over the hinges and thesystem is balanced. Between positions 2 and 3, tensile forces areinduced in cables 230 e and 230g and relieved from cables 230f and 230hby the weight of the end sections. During this part of travel, thedirection of turning of crank 250d and the direction of travel of block250e remain as before. However, cables 230e and 230g now resist thegravity rotation of the end sections until the end sections are rotatedon top of center section 20. Rotation of the end sections from position3 to position 1 is accomplished by turning crank 240d in the oppositedirection.

Since the weight of the end sections causes high torques at crank 250d,the weight is balanced by springs 250h and 250g as follows:

When the end sections are at position 1, maximum torque is required atthe hinges and maximum force is required in cables 230f and 230h torotate the end sections. When the end sections rotate around the hingesfrom position 1 to position 2, the torque and corresponding forces varyfrom maximum to zero. Correspondingly, when the end sections are atposition 1, spring 250h is compressed by block 250e to its minimumlength thereby developing a maximum force against block 240e. When theend sections rotate from position to position 2, block 250e moves in thedirection indicated whereby spring 250h lengthens to cause acorrespondingly smaller force to be applied by the springs to block250e. When the end sections are at position 2, i.e. where their weightis balanced over the hinges, block 250e is near the midpoint of itshorizontal travel and does not develop any appreciable force againstsprings 250h or 250g. When the end sections rotate from position 2 toposition 3, the hinge torque changes from zero to maximum.Correspondingly, the force developed by moving block 250e against spring250g develops a force against the block from zero to maximum, whichforce varies according to the position of the end sections and thecorresponding block 250e position thereby minimizing the forces requiredfor turning crank 250d.

The power transmission worm thread on shaft 250b utilizes a self-lockinghelix angle. This prevents unbalanced gravity forces applied from theend sections through block 250e to shaft 250b from rotating the shaftand moving the block. Therefore, the crank can be removed during anyposition of the end sections' rotational travel in which case the endsections maintain their position.

FIG. 16A and FIG. 16B are top and side views, respectively, of means forfixedly attaching tow bar assembly 70 to center section fin members225a. Tow bar assembly 70 substantially comprises bar 71 and forkassembly 72, both of which are made of tubular steel construction. Towbar 71 is attached to fork assembly 72 by means of tubular sleeve 73,which is part of fork assembly 72, and removable pin 74. Removable pin74 is designed to transfer axial loads while tubular sleeve 73 isdesigned to transfer bending loads from tow bar 71 to form assembly 72.When pin 74 is removed, tow bar assembly 70 can be lengthened by slidingtow bar 71 with respect to fork assembly 72. This is advantageous whenit is desired to unfold the end sections relative to center section 20without disconnecting the tow bar from the tow vehicle, not shown.

Tow bar 71 includes tow hitch connection means 75 mounted at one endthereof and stop ring 76 mounted at the other end to prevent tow bar 71from disengaging from sleeve 73 when the tow bar is extended. Pin 74 canbe inserted through any desired set of holes located on tow bar 71 whenin the extended position.

Tow bar assembly 70 can be directed connected to fin members 225a bymeans not shown, or by the use of auxiliary members 225k which can beframed between and above fin members 225a within the floor space. Ineither case, the physical connection can be made through plates withslotted holes 225m permanently fastened to fin members 225a or tomembers 225k and plates with pin holes 225 permanently fastened to finmembers 225a or to members 225k.

Pins 77, which are permanently connected to fork assembly 72, engage theslotted holes in plate 225m. Removable pins 78 can be inserted throughthe holes in fork assembly 72 and through the holes in plates 225. Alllongitudinal loads from tow bar assembly 70 are transferred to finmembers 225a through pins 78. Continuity with fins 225a for momenttransfer is therefore achieved through the vertical force couple throughpins 77 and 78.

While the amphibious camper of the present invention has been describedin terms of specific illustrative embodiments, it will be apparent tothose skilled in the art that many modifications are possible within thespirit and scope of the disclosed principle.

What is claimed is:
 1. In combination, a vehicle structure having alongitudinal axis and a rear end, a base member mounted to the structureadjacent the rear end, an intermediate support member, means pivotablymounting a forward portion of the intermediate support member to thebase member for rotation about a horizontal axis transverse to thestructure's longitudinal axis between a first position wherein theintermediate support member extends rearward and a second positionwherein the intermediate support member extends forward, an enginemounting member, means pivotably mounting a forward portion of theengine mounting member to a rearward portion of the intermediate supportmember for rotation of the engine mounting member about a horizontalaxis parallel to the structure's longitudinal axis over substantially90°, an engine, means for mounting the engine to a rearward portion ofthe engine mounting member, and engine weight counterbalancing meansconnected between the intermediate support member and the base memberand providing a force to substantially counterbalance the engine weightduring pivoting of the intermediate support member and attached enginemounting means and engine, said intermediate support member and enginemounting means forming a cantilever support for the engine and with theengine outboard and spaced from the structure's rear end when theintermediate support member is in its first position.
 2. The combinationof claim 1 wherein in the pivotable mountings are such that when theintermediate support member is in its first position the engine isoutboard and can be extended vertically, and when the intermediatesupport member is in its second position the engine is inboard and canbe extended horizontally transverse to the vehicle's longitudinal axis.3. The combination of claim 2 wherein the pivotable mounting means forthe forward portion of the intermediate support member forms a singlefixed pivot axis on the base member, the base member is immovablymounted to the structure, and the intermediate support member pivotsover an arc of approximately 180°.
 4. The combination of claim 3 whereinthe counterbalancing means comprises spring means connected between alower portion of the base member and a portion of the intermediatesupport member on the side of the fixed pivot axis remote from theengine when the intermediate support member is in its first position,and further comprising means for locking the engine mounting member tothe intermediate support member, and means for locking the intermediatesupport member to the base member.
 5. The combination of claim 4 whereinthe intermediate support member has a yoke configuration, the basemember has spaced upright members connected to the yoke sides, and theengine mounting member comprises a generally rectangular frame connectedat one end to the yoke end.
 6. The combination of claim 5 wherein theintermediate support member and the engine mounting member are the solemoving parts during pivoting of the engine from an outboard to aninboard position.
 7. The combination of claim 5 wherein the pivotablemount of the engine mounting means is located rearward of thestructure's rear end when the intermediate support member is in itsfirst position.